Sunday, January 10, 2016

Chapter 5 – Organizational Structures that Support Strategic Initiatives

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES
  • Organizational employees must work closely together to develop strategic initiatives that create competitive advantages.
  • Ethics and security are two fundamental building blocks that organizations must base their businesses upon.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
  • Information technology is a relatively new functional area, having only been around formally for around 40 years.
  • Recent IT – related strategic positions:
             -   Chief Information Officer (CIO)
             -   Chief Technology Officer (CTO)
             -   Chief Security Officer (CSO)
             -   Chief Privacy Officer (CPO)
             -   Chief Knowledge Officer (CKO)

 Chief Information Officer (CIO) – oversees all uses of IT and ensures the strategic alignment of IT with business goals and objectives.


-  Broad CIO functions include;
  •  Manager – ensuring the delivery of all IT projects, on time and within budget.
  • Leader – ensuring the strategic vision of IT is in line with the strategic vision of the organization.
  • Communicator – building and maintaining strong executive relationships.
  Average CIO compensation by industry

Industry
Average CIO Compensation
Wholesale/Retail/Distribution
$ 243,304
Finance
$ 210,547
Insurance
$ 197,697
Manufacturing
$ 190,250
Medical/Dental/Health Care
$ 171,032
Government
$ 118,359
Education
$   93,750

·         What concerns CIOs the most

Percentages %
CIOs Concerns
94
Enhancing customer satisfaction
92
Security
89
Technology evaluation
87
Budgeting
83
Staffing
66
ROI analysis
64
Building new applications
45
Outsourcing hosting

o     Chief Technology Officer (CTO) – responsible for ensuring the throughput , speed, accuracy, availability and reliability of IT
o    Chief Security Officer (CSO) – responsible for ensuring the security of IT systems
o   Chief Privacy Officer (CPO) – responsible for ensuring the ethical and legal use of information

o   Chief Knowledge Officer (CKO) – responsible for collecting, maintaining and distributing the organization’s knowledge


THE GAP BETWEEN BUSINESS PERSONNEL AND IT PRSONNEL
  •  Business personnel possess expertise in functional areas such as marketing, accounting and sales
  •  IT personnel have the technological expertise
  • This typically causes a communications gap between the business personnel and IT personnel


IMPROVING COMMUNICATIONS
  • Business personnel must seek to increase their understanding of IT
  • IT personnel must seek to increase their understanding of the business
  •  It is the responsibility of the CIO to ensure effective communication between business personnel and IT personnel

ORGANIZATIONAL FUNDAMENTALS – ETHICS AND SECURITY
  •  Ethics and security are two fundamental building blocks that organizations must base their businesses on to be successful
  • In recent years, such event as the 9/11 have shed new light on the meaning of ethics and security

ETHICS 
  • Ethics – the principles and standards that guide our behavior toward other people
  • Privacy is a major ethical issues;
  • Privacy – the right to be left alone when you want to be to have control ever your own personnel possessions and not to be observed without your consent
  • Issues affected by technology advances

Intelligent property
Intangible creative work that is embodied in physical form
Copyright
The legal protection afforded an expression of an idea, such as a song, video game and some types of proprietary documents
Fair use doctrine
In certain situations, it is legal to use copyrighted material
Pirated software
The unauthorized use, duplication, distribution or sale of copyrighted software
Counterfeit software
Software that is manufactured to lock like the real thing and sold as such
  •  One of the main ingredients in trust is privacy
  • Primary reasons privacy issues lost trust for e-business

1.
Loss of personnel privacy is a top concern for Americans in the 21st century
2.
Among Internet users, 37 percent would be “a lot” more inclined to purchase a product on a websites that had a privacy policy
3.
Privacy/security is the number one factors that would convert Internet researchers into Internet buyers

SECURITY – HOW MUCH WILL DOWNTIME COST YOUR BUSINESS??

Sources of Unplanned Downtime
Bomb threat
Hacker
Snowstorm
Burst pipe
Hail
Sprinkler malfunction
Chemical spill
Hurricane
Static electricity
Construction
Ice storm
Strike
Corrupted data
Insects
Terrorism
Earthquake
Lightning
Theft
Electrical short
Network failure
Tornado
Epidemic
Plane crash
Train derailment
Equipment failure
Frozen pipe
Smoke damage
Evacuation
Power outage
Vandalism
Explosion
Power surge
Vehicle crash
Fire
Rodents
Virus
Flood
Sabotage
Water damage (various)
Fraud
Shredded data
Wind


·         How much will downtime cost your business??


PROTECTING INTELLECTUAL ASSETS
·         Organizational information is intellectual capital – it must be protected
·         Information security – the protection of information from accidental or intentional misuse by persons inside or outside an organization
·         E-business automatically crates tremendous information security risks for organization

Percentage of IT Budget Spent on Information Security


Average Reported Computer Security 
Expenditure/Investment per Employee 

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